Billboard publishes its first music chart, Sputnik falls to Earth, The Beatles record together for the last time, and Nancy Pelosi becomes the first female speaker of the House, all on this day.
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Public domain
1965: Writer and poet T. S. Eliot, best known for such poems as "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" and "The Waste Land" and who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948, dies of emphysema at the age of 76 in London, England.