Billboard publishes its first music chart, Sputnik falls to Earth, The Beatles record together for the last time, and Nancy Pelosi becomes the first female speaker of the House, all on this day.
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U.S. government
1965: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson proclaims his "Great Society" during his State of the Union address. The effort included legislation that upheld civil rights, public broadcasting, Medicare, Medicaid, environmental protection, aid to education and Johnson's "War on Poverty."