Billboard publishes its first music chart, Sputnik falls to Earth, The Beatles record together for the last time, and Nancy Pelosi becomes the first female speaker of the House, all on this day.
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Gregory R Todd/Wikimedia Commons
1958: Sputnik 1 falls to Earth after spending three months in orbit. When Russia launched the satellite on Oct. 4, 1957, it became the first manmade object to orbit the Earth, setting off the Cold War-era "Space Race" between America and the Soviets.